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Thursday 31 August 2017

Simulation and Control of Solar Wind Hybrid Renewable Power System


ABSTRACT:


KEYWORDS:
1.      Renewable energy
2.      Solar
3.      PMSG Wind
4.       Fuzzy controller
5.       P&O

SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

BLOCK DIAGRAM:


Figure 1. Block diagram of PV-Wind hybrid system

EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:


Figure 2. PV changing irradiation level



Figure 3. Output voltage for PV changing irradiation level

  


Figure 4. Wind speed changing level



Figure 5. Output current wind



Figure 6. Output Voltage wind

Case 1 : PI voltage regulated inverter


Figure 7. Output voltage for inverter



Figure 8. Power generation of the hybrid system under varying wind speed and irradiation

Case 2 : fuzzy logic voltage regulated inverter


Figure 9. Output voltage for inverter



Figure 10. Power generation of the hybrid system under varying wind speed and irradiation

CONCLUSION:

Nature has provided ample opportunities to mankind to make best use of its resources and still maintain its beauty. In this context, the proposed hybrid PV-wind system provides an elegant integration of the wind turbine and solar PV to extract optimum energy from the two sources. It yields a compact converter system, while incurring reduced cost.
The proposed scheme of wind–solar hybrid system considerably improves the performance of the WECS in terms of enhanced generation capability. The solar PV augmentation of appropriate capacity with minimum battery storage facility provides solution for power generation issues during low wind speed situations.
FLC voltage regulated inverter is more power efficiency and reliable compared to the PI voltage regulated inverter, in this context FLC improve the effect of the MPPT algorithm in the power generation system of which sources solar and wind power generation systems.

REFERENCES:

[1] Natsheh, E.M.; Albarbar, A.; Yazdani, J., "Modeling and control for smart grid integration of solar/wind energy conversion system," 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT Europe),pp.1-8, 5-7 Dec. 2011.
[2] Bagen; Billinton, R., "Evaluation of Different Operating Strategies in Small Stand-Alone Power Systems," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol.20, no.3, pp. 654-660, Sept. 2005
[3] S. M. Shaahid and M. A. Elhadidy, “Opportunities for utilization of stand-alone hybrid (photovoltaic + diesel + battery) power systems in hot climates,” Renewable Energy, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 1741–1753, 2003.
[4] Goel, P.K.; Singh, B.; Murthy, S.S.; Kishore, N., "Autonomous hybrid system using PMSGs for hydro and wind power generation," 35th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics, 2009. IECON '09, pp.255,260, 3-5 Nov. 2009.

[5] Foster, R., M. Ghassemi, and A. Cota, Solar energy: renewable energy and the environment. 2010, Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Wednesday 23 August 2017

A Combination of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter and Thyristor-Controlled Reactor for Power Quality


ABSTRACT:
This paper proposes a combined system of a thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and a shunt hybrid power filter (SHPF) for harmonic and reactive power compensation. The SHPF is the combination of a small-rating active power filter (APF) and a fifth-harmonic-tuned LC passive filter. The tuned passive filter and the TCR form a shunt passive filter (SPF) to compensate reactive power. The small-rating APF is used to improve the filtering characteristics of SPF and to suppress the possibility of resonance between the SPF and line inductances. A proportional–integral controller was used, and a triggering alpha was extracted using a lookup table to control the TCR. A nonlinear control of APF was developed for current tracking and voltage regulation. The latter is based on a decoupled control strategy, which considers that the controlled system may be divided into an inner fast loop and an outer slow one. Thus, an exact linearization control was applied to the inner loop, and a nonlinear feedback control law was used for the outer voltage loop. Integral compensators were added in both current and voltage loops in order to eliminate the steady-state errors due to system parameter uncertainty. The simulation and experimental results are found to be quite satisfactory to mitigate harmonic distortions and reactive power compensation.
KEYWORDS:
1.      Harmonic suppression,
2.      Hybrid power filter
3.      Modeling
4.      Nonlinear control
5.      Reactive power compensation
6.      Shunt hybrid power filter and thyristor-controlled reactor (SHPF-TCRcompensator)
7.      Thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR)

SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

BLOCK DIAGRAM:


Fig. 1. Basic circuit of the proposed SHPF-TCR compensator.

EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:


                                  Fig. 2. Steady-state response of the SHPF-TCR compensator with harmonic generated load.


Fig. 3. Harmonic spectrum of source current in phase 1. (a) Before compensation.
(b) After compensation.

Fig. 4. Dynamic response of SHPF-TCR compensator under varying distorted
harmonic type of load conditions.


Fig. 5. Dynamic response of SHPF-TCR compensator under the harmonic and reactive power type of loads.



Fig. 6. Harmonic spectrum of source current in phase 1. (a) Before compensation. (b) After compensation.


Fig. 7. Steady-state response of the SHPF-TCR compensator with harmonic produced load.

CONCLUSION:
In this paper, a SHPF-TCR compensator of a TCR and a SHPF has been proposed to achieve harmonic elimination and reactive power compensation. A proposed nonlinear control scheme of a SHPF-TCR compensator has been established, simulated, and implemented by using the DS1104 digital realtime controller board of dSPACE. The shunt active filter and SPF have a complementary function to improve the performance of filtering and to reduce the power rating requirements of an active filter. It has been found that the SHPF-TCR compensator can effectively eliminate current harmonic and reactive power compensation during steady and transient operating conditions for a variety of loads. It has been shown that the system has a fast dynamic response, has good performance in both steady-state and transient operations, and is able to reduce the THD of supply currents well below the limit of 5% of the IEEE-519 standard.

REFERENCES:
[1] A. Hamadi, S. Rahmani, and K. Al-Haddad, “A hybrid passive filter configuration for VAR control and harmonic compensation,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 2419–2434, Jul. 2010.
[2] P. Flores, J. Dixon, M. Ortuzar, R. Carmi, P. Barriuso, and L. Moran, “Static Var compensator and active power filter with power injection capability, using 27-level inverters and photovoltaic cells,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 130–138, Jan. 2009.
[3] H. Hu, W. Shi, Y. Lu, and Y. Xing, “Design considerations for DSPcontrolled 400 Hz shunt active power filter in an aircraft power system,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 3624–3634, Sep. 2012.
[4] X. Du, L. Zhou, H. Lu, and H.-M. Tai, “DC link active power filter for three-phase diode rectifier,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 1430–1442, Mar. 2012.
[5] M. Angulo, D. A. Ruiz-Caballero, J. Lago, M. L. Heldwein, and S. A. Mussa, “Active power filter control strategy with implicit closedloop current control and resonant controller,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 2721–2730, Jul. 2013.


Friday 18 August 2017

Offshore Wind Farms - VSC-based HVDC Connection


ABSTRACT:
As very promising technology, especially from the technical viewpoint, the focus of this paper will be put on the VSC-based HVDC technology. Its main technical features as well as its model will be detailed. At the end, obtained simulation results for different faults and disturbances for one offshore wind farm connected with VSC-based HVDC technology will be presented.
KEYWORDS:
2.      IGBT
3.      Offshore wind farm connection
4.       PWM
5.      Requirements
6.       Stability
7.       VSC
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

BLOCK DIAGRAM:



Fig. 1. Principal scheme of VCS-based HVDC connection
EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:




Fig. 2. Active and reactive power at the connection point during reactive power control




Fig. 3. Active and reactive power at the wind farm side during reactive power control


Fig. 4. Active power, reactive power and voltage at system and wind farm side in case of single phase short circuit near to the connection point - 100ms




Fig. 5. Active power, reactive power and voltage at system and wind farm side in case of single phase short circuit at the wind farm side - 100ms

CONCLUSION:
The connection of an offshore wind farm depends primarily on the amount of power that has to be transmitted and the distance to the connection point.
Primarily due to comparatively small size and short distance to the connection point as well as due to its lower costs and experience, all actual offshore wind farms and those planned to be installed are still using/plan to use HVAC connection.
The advantages of using a HVDC solution are more significant with increase of the distance and power.
The VSC-based HVDC technology is due to its technical advantages like: active and, especially, reactive power control (voltage control), isolated operation, no need for an active commutation voltage etc. very good solution for an offshore wind farm connection. Performed simulation and their results of simulated faults and disturbances show that the technical requirements can be fulfilled.
REFERENCES:
[1] European Wind Energy Association. (2004). Wind Energy – The Facts. [Online]. Available: http://www.ewea.org
[2] Global Wind Energy Council. (2004). [Online]. Available: http://www.gwec.net
[3] F.W. Koch, I. Erlich, F. Shewarega, and U. Bachmann, "Dynamic interaction of large offshore wind farms with the electric power system", in Proc. 2003 IEEE Power Tech Conf., Bologna, Italy, vol. 3, pp. 632-638.
[4] J.G. Slootweg and W.L. Kling, "Is the Answer Blowing in the Wind?", IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol. 1, pp. 26-33, Nov./Dec. 2003.

[5] Wind Energy Study 2004. [Online]. Available: http://www.ewea.org

Offshore Wind Farm Power Control Using HVdc Link Control de puissance d’un parc éolien en mer utilisant la liaison CCHT


ABSTRACT:
KEYWORDS:
4.       PQ-bus

SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

BLOCK DIAGRAM:



Fig. 1. Proposed configuration of wind turbines connection.


EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:




Fig. 2. (a) Wind speed variations (m/s). (b) Turbine rotational speed (rad/s).
(c) Turbine efficiency.




Fig. 3. HVdc link voltage.



Fig. 4. Wind farm output power.
CONCLUSION:
In this paper, the configuration and control methods have been proposed for the offshore wind turbines, connected to the onshore grid. This method is capable to control and smooth the wind farm output power, injected to the onshore grid. The proposed system can mitigate the fluctuations of wind farm output power, even during wind speed variations. In other words, the wind farm can operate such as a PQ-bus. Moreover, two strategies (fixed power and MPPT) have been analyzed and compared with each other. Finally, the proposed method is compared with other similar works to smooth the output power of the wind farm. The main result is that the proposed method can smooth the output power better than the TSR, PAC, and OTC methods. But it is a bit weaker than the KEC method in power smoothing issue. Moreover, using this method, the wind farm is able to cooperate in frequency control of the onshore grid by controlling the desired active power, to improve the power system operation, which is the future work of the authors.
REFERENCES:
[1] J. O. Dabiri, “Potential order-of-magnitude enhancement of wind farm power density via counter-rotating vertical-axis wind turbine arrays,” J. Renew. Sustain. Energy, vol. 3, no. 4, p. 043104, 2011.
[2] J. Hua, “A floating platform of concrete for offshore wind turbine,” J. Renew. Sustain. Energy, vol. 3, no. 6, p. 063103, 2011.
[3] A. Urtasun, P. Sanchis, I. S. Martín, J. López, and L. Marroyo, “Modeling of small wind turbines based on PMSG with diode bridge for sensorless maximum power tracking,” Renew. Energy, vol. 55, pp. 138–149, Jul. 2012.
[4] (2007). Global Wind and Energy Council, Market Forecast 2010- 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.gwec.net/fileadmin/documents/ Publications/GlobalWind2007report/market/forecast%2020102014

[5] M. Kesraoui, N. Korichi, and A. Belkadi, “Maximum power point tracker of wind energy conversion system,” Renew. Energy, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 2655–2662, 2011.